Once concealed behind thick Matto Atlantico forest, and characterized by its acid, oligo-dystrophic, black waters, ëDique do Tororoí is now situated in the urban heart of South Americaís oldest European settled city, ëSalvador da Bahiaí. As a result of this latest chapter in the short history (<1010yrs B.P. +/-130yrs) of ëDique do Tororoí, its waters and sediments in the last two centuries have become eutrophic and suffer from heavy metal contamination. Ironically, ëDique do Tororoí is now recognized as the sporting, cultural and religious hub of this unique city of 2.5 million people. Palaeolimnological records were extracted from the lake and sub-sampled for diatoms, pollen and sedimentary pigments. Through these analyses (except pollen) and the description of sedimentary sequences, a detailed account of the marked limnological changes that have occurred during the Late-Holocene as a result of human impact are evident.